Solar cell modules are composed of high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells, ultra-white fabric-textured tempered glass, EVA, transparent TPT backsheet and aluminum alloy frame. It features a long service life and strong mechanical resistance to external pressure.

How to know the maximum output power of a 10W portable solar panel

Types of solar cell modules

(1) The photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells is around 17%, with the highest reaching 24%. This is the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency among all types of solar cells. However, the production cost is very high, which is why it has not yet been widely and universally used. Because monocrystalline silicon is generally encapsulated with tempered glass and waterproof resin, it is strong and durable. Most manufacturers usually offer a 25-year quality guarantee.

Monocrystalline flexible 10W portable solar panel: The bendable 10W portable solar panel is also known as a flexible module. By "flexible", it means that this solar panel can be bent. The bending Angle can reach up to 30 degrees. Solar cell modules (also known as solar panels) are the core component of a solar power generation system and the most crucial part of it.

(2) Polycrystalline silicon solar cells The manufacturing process of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is similar to that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is significantly lower, approximately 15%. In terms of production cost, it is cheaper than monocrystalline silicon solar cells. The material is easy to manufacture, saves electricity consumption, and the total production cost is relatively low. Therefore, it has developed extensively. In addition, the service life of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is also shorter than that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells. In terms of performance-to-price ratio, monocrystalline silicon solar cells are slightly better.

(3) Amorphous silicon solar cells Amorphous silicon solar cells are a new type of thin-film solar cell that emerged in 1976. Their manufacturing methods are completely different from those of monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon solar cells. The process is greatly simplified, with very little silicon material consumption and lower power consumption. Their main advantage is that they can generate electricity even under weak light conditions. However, the main problem with amorphous silicon solar cells is their relatively low photoelectric conversion efficiency, which is around 10% at the international advanced level and is not stable enough. As time goes by, their conversion efficiency will decline.

How to know the maximum output power of a 10W portable solar panel

Characteristics of solar cell modules

It features high photoelectric conversion efficiency and high reliability. Advanced diffusion technology ensures the uniformity of conversion efficiency throughout the chip. Ensure good electrical conductivity, reliable adhesion and excellent electrode solderability; The high-precision screen-printed graphics and high flatness make the battery easy to be automatically welded and laser-cut.

Brief Introduction to the Principle of 10W portable solar panel

The energy converter of solar photovoltaic power generation is a solar cell (solar cell), also known as a photovoltaic cell. The principle of solar cell power generation is the PhotovoltaicEffect (PhotovoltaicEffect). When sunlight shines on a solar cell, the cell absorbs light energy and generates photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Under the action of the built-in electric field in the battery, photogenerated electrons and holes are separated, and opposite charges accumulate at both ends of the battery, that is, a "photogenerated voltage" is produced. This is the "photovoltaic effect". If electrodes are led out on both sides of the built-in electric field and connected to a load, a "photogenerated current" will flow through the load, thereby obtaining power output. In this way, the light energy of the sun is directly converted into usable electrical energy.

At the same temperature, the influence of light intensity on solar panels: The greater the light intensity, the greater the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of the solar panel, and the greater the maximum output power. At the same time, it can be seen that the change of open-circuit voltage with irradiation intensity is not as obvious as that of short-circuit current with irradiation intensity.

Under the same light intensity, the influence of temperature on the solar panel: When the temperature of the solar cell rises, its output open-circuit voltage decreases significantly with the temperature, the short-circuit current increases slightly, and the general trend is that the maximum output power decreases.

How to know the maximum output power of a 10W portable solar panel

How to know the maximum output power of a 10W portable solar panel

The nominal power of photovoltaic modules is tested under standard conditions. There are different opinions on whether the actual power generation can exceed the nominal power. This is also one of the issues that are not paid attention to in the design of photovoltaic power stations, which will affect the selection of inverters and the power generation capacity of the system.

Solar radiance: The radiant power radiated by the sun onto a unit area is called solar radiance. The unit is watts per square meter. The nominal power of the component was tested under standard conditions, STC (Standard Test Condition), whose standardtest conditions are: 1. Irradiance: 1000W/m ², 2. Temperature: (25±1) ℃, 3. Spectral characteristics: AM1.5 standard spectrum.

So the maximum output power of the component, excluding equipment factors such as inverters, is determined by solar irradiance and temperature. The limit value of solar radiation is the solar constant, which is 1368W/m ². After reaching the Earth's surface, it is affected by various factors such as weather, and the maximum value is approximately 1200W/m ². The power-temperature system of the component is about -0.39%/℃. As the component temperature drops, its power will increase.

Conclusion: For a 250W component, without considering equipment loss, at a temperature of minus 30 degrees, the maximum output power Pmax of the component =1.2* (1- (25+30) (-0.0039) *250=1.2*1.1755*250=352.65W. In fact, in the sunniest regions of our country, such as northern Ningxia, northern Gansu, and southern Xinjiang, the maximum output power of a 250W module can reach 300W.

Knowledge of the spectrum of sunlight: Sunlight is a mixture of continuously changing light of different wavelengths, including various wavelengths of light: infrared, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet, ultraviolet, etc. Among them, red, orange, yellow, green, indigo, blue, and violet are visible light that can be seen by the human eye. The longer wavelength part is red light, the wavelength longer than red light is infrared light, the shorter wavelength part is violet light, and the wavelength longer than violet light is ultraviolet light. Although the wavelength range of the solar spectrum is very wide, from a few angstroms to tens of meters, the distribution of radiant energy by wavelength is not uniform. Among them, the region with the largest radiation energy is in the visible light part, accounting for approximately 48%, the radiation energy in the ultraviolet spectral region accounts for about 8%, and the radiation energy in the infrared spectral region accounts for about 44%. Solar cells can only absorb the energy in the visible light part and convert it into electrical energy. The ultraviolet spectral region cannot undergo energy conversion, and the infrared spectral region can only be converted into heat.

Solar radiation: The amount of radiant energy radiated by the sun to a unit area over a period of time is called the radiation quantity. The factors influencing radiance include:

1. Solar altitude Angle or latitude: The larger the solar altitude Angle, the shorter the path through the atmosphere, the smaller the weakening effect of the atmosphere on solar radiation, and the stronger the solar radiation reaching the ground. The larger the solar altitude Angle, the smaller the area over which the same amount of solar radiation spreads, and the stronger the solar radiation. For instance, the intensity of solar radiation at noon is stronger than that in the morning and evening.

2. Altitude: The higher the altitude, the thinner the air, and the smaller the weakening effect of the atmosphere on solar radiation. Therefore, the solar radiation reaching the ground is stronger. For instance, the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is the region with the strongest solar radiation in China.

3. Weather conditions: Sunny with few clouds, the weakening effect on solar radiation is small, and the solar radiation reaching the ground is strong. For instance, the Sichuan Basin experiences frequent cloudy, foggy and rainy weather, which weakens solar radiation and makes it the area with the lowest solar radiation value in China.

4. Atmospheric transparency: High atmospheric transparency has a smaller weakening effect on solar radiation, resulting in stronger solar radiation reaching the ground.

5. The length of the day.

6. Degree of air pollution: If the pollution is severe, the solar radiation will be weakened and weakened, and less solar radiation will reach the ground.

The eastern part of the Sahara Desert in the world enjoys the most sunshine, with an average annual sunshine duration of 4,300 hours. That is to say, there are approximately 11 hours and 45 minutes of brilliant sunshine every day.

Component and inverter configuration: 95% (input power of the inverter/rated power of the photovoltaic array) 115%. Considering the system power generation and inverter lifespan, it is recommended that the total power of the components and the inverter power be equal. This is because when the inverter operates at a power of 50-75%, its efficiency is the highest and its lifespan is the longest

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